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Sukta Vishnu 16 verses16 श्लोक

Purusha Suktam

पुरुष सूक्तम्

The Purusha Suktam is Rig Veda hymn 10.90: sixteen verses describing the cosmic Person (Purusha) whose sacrifice brings forth the universe. It is chanted in Vishnu and Narayana worship.

पुरुष सूक्त ऋग्वेद का सूक्त 10.90 है: सोलह मंत्र जो उस विराट पुरुष का वर्णन करते हैं जिसके यज्ञ से सृष्टि उत्पन्न होती है। इसका पाठ विष्णु और नारायण की पूजा में होता है।

Composed byरचयिता
Rishi Narayana (Rig Veda)
Sourceस्रोत
Rig Veda 10.90 (rishi Narayana)
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Full text · 16 versesसंपूर्ण पाठ · 16 श्लोक

Tap “All” above to see the transliteration and meaning under every verse.हर श्लोक के नीचे उच्चारण और अर्थ देखने के लिए ऊपर “All” चुनें।

Verse 1
सहस्रशीर्षा पुरुषः सहस्राक्षः सहस्रपात् ।
स भूमिं विश्वतो वृत्वात्यतिष्ठद्दशाङ्गुलम् ॥ १॥
Sahasrashirsha purushah sahasrakshah sahasrapat
Sa bhumim vishvato vritvatyatishthaddashangulam 1
Meaning

The Purusha, the cosmic Person, has a thousand heads, a thousand eyes and a thousand feet. Covering the earth on every side, he extends ten fingers’ breadth beyond it.

विराट पुरुष के सहस्र सिर, सहस्र नेत्र और सहस्र चरण हैं। वे पृथ्वी को चारों ओर से व्याप्त करके उससे दस अंगुल ऊपर भी स्थित हैं।

Verse 2
पुरुष एवेदं सर्वं यद्भूतं यच्च भव्यम् ।
उतामृतत्वस्येशानो यदन्नेनातिरोहति ॥ २॥
Purusha evedam sarvam yadbhutam yachcha bhavyam
Utamritatvasyeshano yadannenatirohati 2
Meaning

The Purusha alone is all this — what has been and what is yet to be. He is the lord of immortality, and of all that grows by food.

जो कुछ हो चुका है और जो होने वाला है, यह सब पुरुष ही है। वे अमरत्व के स्वामी हैं और अन्न से बढ़ने वाले सब जीवों के भी।

Verse 3
एतावानस्य महिमातो ज्यायाँश्च पूरुषः ।
पादोऽस्य विश्वा भूतानि त्रिपादस्यामृतं दिवि ॥ ३॥
Etavanasya mahimato jyayanshcha purushah
Padosya vishva bhutani tripadasyamritam divi 3
Meaning

Such is his greatness, and yet the Purusha is greater still. All beings are one quarter of him; three quarters of him are the immortal in heaven.

इतनी उनकी महिमा है, फिर भी पुरुष इससे भी महान हैं। सारे प्राणी उनका एक चौथाई भाग हैं; उनके तीन भाग अमर होकर स्वर्ग में हैं।

Verse 4
त्रिपादूर्ध्व उदैत्पूरुषः पादोऽस्येहाभवत्पुनः ।
ततो विष्वङ् व्यक्रामत्साशनानशने अभि ॥ ४॥
Tripadurdhva udaitpurushah padosyehabhavatpunah
Tato vishvan vyakramatsashananashane abhi 4
Meaning

With three quarters the Purusha rose on high; one quarter of him came into being here again. From there he spread out in every direction, into all that eats and all that does not.

तीन भागों के साथ पुरुष ऊपर उठे; उनका एक भाग यहाँ फिर प्रकट हुआ। वहाँ से वे खाने वाले और न खाने वाले, सब में चारों ओर फैल गए।

Verse 5
तस्माद्विराळजायत विराजो अधि पूरुषः ।
स जातो अत्यरिच्यत पश्चाद्भूमिमथो पुरः ॥ ५॥
Tasmadviralajayata virajo adhi purushah
Sa jato atyarichyata pashchadbhumimatho purah 5
Meaning

From him Viraj, the cosmic body, was born, and from Viraj the Purusha. As soon as he was born he reached beyond the earth, behind and before.

उनसे विराट उत्पन्न हुआ और विराट से पुरुष। उत्पन्न होते ही वे पृथ्वी के आगे और पीछे, सबसे परे फैल गए।

Verse 6
यत्पुरुषेण हविषा देवा यज्ञमतन्वत ।
वसन्तो अस्यासीदाज्यं ग्रीष्म इध्मः शरद्धविः ॥ ६॥
Yatpurushena havisha deva yajnamatanvata
Vasanto asyasidajyam grishma idhmah sharaddhavih 6
Meaning

When the gods performed the sacrifice with the Purusha as the offering, spring was its clarified butter, summer its fuel and autumn its oblation.

जब देवताओं ने पुरुष को हवि बनाकर यज्ञ किया, तब वसंत उसका घी, ग्रीष्म उसका ईंधन और शरद उसकी हवि बनी।

Verse 7
तं यज्ञं बर्हिषि प्रौक्षन्पुरुषं जातमग्रतः ।
तेन देवा अयजन्त साध्या ऋषयश्च ये ॥ ७॥
Tam yajnam barhishi praukshanpurusham jatamagratah
Tena deva ayajanta sadhya rishayashcha ye 7
Meaning

They consecrated on the sacred grass that sacrifice — the Purusha, born in the beginning. Through him the gods, the Sadhyas and the sages performed the sacrifice.

सबसे पहले उत्पन्न उस यज्ञ रूपी पुरुष का उन्होंने कुशा पर अभिषेक किया। उन्हीं से देवताओं, साध्यों और ऋषियों ने यज्ञ किया।

Verse 8
तस्माद्यज्ञात्सर्वहुतः सम्भृतं पृषदाज्यम् ।
पशून्ताँश्चक्रे वायव्यानारण्यान्ग्राम्याश्च ये ॥ ८॥
Tasmadyajnatsarvahutah sambhritam prishadajyam
Pashuntanshchakre vayavyanaranyangramyashcha ye 8
Meaning

From that sacrifice, offered in full, the mixture of curd and ghee was gathered. From it he made the creatures of the air and the animals of the forest and the village.

पूर्ण आहुति वाले उस यज्ञ से दही मिला घी प्राप्त हुआ। उससे उन्होंने आकाश के पक्षी और वन तथा गाँव के पशु बनाए।

Verse 9
तस्माद्यज्ञात्सर्वहुत ऋचः सामानि जज्ञिरे ।
छन्दांसि जज्ञिरे तस्माद्यजुस्तस्मादजायत ॥ ९॥
Tasmadyajnatsarvahuta richah samani jajnire
Chhandamsi jajnire tasmadyajustasmadajayata 9
Meaning

From that sacrifice, offered in full, the Rig verses and the Sama chants were born; the metres were born from it, and from it the Yajus arose.

पूर्ण आहुति वाले उस यज्ञ से ऋचाएँ और साम उत्पन्न हुए; उसी से छंद उत्पन्न हुए और उसी से यजुः प्रकट हुआ।

Verse 10
तस्मादश्वा अजायन्त ये के चोभयादतः ।
गावो ह जज्ञिरे तस्मात्तस्माज्जाता अजावयः ॥ १०॥
Tasmadashva ajayanta ye ke chobhayadatah
Gavo ha jajnire tasmattasmajjata ajavayah 10
Meaning

From it were born horses and all animals with two rows of teeth; cattle were born from it, and from it goats and sheep.

उसी से घोड़े और दोनों ओर दाँत वाले सब पशु उत्पन्न हुए; उसी से गायें उत्पन्न हुईं और उसी से बकरियाँ और भेड़ें।

Verse 11
यत्पुरुषं व्यदधुः कतिधा व्यकल्पयन् ।
मुखं किमस्य कौ बाहू का ऊरू पादा उच्येते ॥ ११॥
Yatpurusham vyadadhuh katidha vyakalpayan
Mukham kimasya kau bahu ka uru pada uchyete 11
Meaning

When they divided the Purusha, into how many parts did they arrange him? What was his mouth, what were his arms, and what were his thighs and feet called?

जब उन्होंने पुरुष का विभाजन किया, तो कितने भागों में उनकी कल्पना की? उनका मुख क्या था, भुजाएँ क्या थीं, और जंघाएँ तथा चरण क्या कहलाए?

Verse 12
ब्राह्मणोऽस्य मुखमासीद्बाहू राजन्यः कृतः ।
ऊरू तदस्य यद्वैश्यः पद्भ्यां शूद्रो अजायत ॥ १२॥
Brahmanosya mukhamasidbahu rajanyah kritah
Uru tadasya yadvaishyah padbhyam shudro ajayata 12
Meaning

The Brahmana was his mouth; the Rajanya was made his arms; his thighs became the Vaishya; from his feet the Shudra was born.

ब्राह्मण उनका मुख था; क्षत्रिय उनकी भुजाएँ बने; वैश्य उनकी जंघाएँ हुए; और उनके चरणों से शूद्र उत्पन्न हुआ।

Verse 13
चन्द्रमा मनसो जातश्चक्षोः सूर्यो अजायत ।
मुखादिन्द्रश्चाग्निश्च प्राणाद्वायुरजायत ॥ १३॥
Chandrama manaso jatashchakshoh suryo ajayata
Mukhadindrashchagnishcha pranadvayurajayata 13
Meaning

The moon was born from his mind, and the sun from his eye; from his mouth came Indra and Agni, and from his breath the wind was born.

उनके मन से चंद्रमा उत्पन्न हुआ और नेत्रों से सूर्य; मुख से इंद्र और अग्नि, और प्राण से वायु उत्पन्न हुई।

Verse 14
नाभ्या आसीदन्तरिक्षं शीर्ष्णो द्यौः समवर्तत ।
पद्भ्यां भूमिर्दिशः श्रोत्रात्तथा लोकाँ अकल्पयन् ॥ १४॥
Nabhya asidantariksham shirshno dyauh samavartata
Padbhyam bhumirdishah shrotrattatha lokan akalpayan 14
Meaning

From his navel came the middle space; from his head the heavens unfolded; from his feet the earth, and from his ear the directions — thus they shaped the worlds.

उनकी नाभि से अंतरिक्ष हुआ, सिर से स्वर्ग बना, चरणों से पृथ्वी और कानों से दिशाएँ — इस प्रकार लोकों की रचना हुई।

Verse 15
सप्तास्यासन्परिधयस्त्रिः सप्त समिधः कृताः ।
देवा यद्यज्ञं तन्वाना अबध्नन्पुरुषं पशुम् ॥ १५॥
Saptasyasanparidhayastrih sapta samidhah kritah
Deva yadyajnam tanvana abadhnanpurusham pashum 15
Meaning

Seven were the enclosing sticks and thrice seven the fuel-sticks, when the gods, performing the sacrifice, bound the Purusha as the offering.

जब देवताओं ने यज्ञ करते हुए पुरुष को हवि रूप में बाँधा, तब उस यज्ञ की सात परिधियाँ थीं और इक्कीस समिधाएँ बनाई गईं।

Verse 16
यज्ञेन यज्ञमयजन्त देवास्तानि धर्माणि प्रथमान्यासन् ।
ते ह नाकं महिमानः सचन्त यत्र पूर्वे साध्याः सन्ति देवाः ॥ १६॥
Yajnena yajnamayajanta devastani dharmani prathamanyasan
Te ha nakam mahimanah sachanta yatra purve sadhyah santi devah 16
Meaning

With the sacrifice the gods worshipped the sacrifice; these were the first ordinances. Those mighty ones reached the heights of heaven, where the ancient Sadhyas and gods abide.

देवताओं ने यज्ञ से ही यज्ञ की आराधना की; यही पहले धर्म थे। वे महान देव उस स्वर्ग को प्राप्त हुए जहाँ प्राचीन साध्य और देवता निवास करते हैं।

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